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Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields; male infertility and sex ratio of offspring. |
Radiofrequency electromagnetic fields; male infertility and sex ratio of offspring.
Baste V, Riise T, Moen BE.
Department
of Public Health and Primary Health Care, Section for Occupational
Medicine, UNIFOB AS, University of Bergen, Kalfarveien 31, 5018 Bergen,
Norway.
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Concern is growing about
exposure to electromagnetic fields and male reproductive health. The
authors performed a cross-sectional study among military men employed
in the Royal Norwegian Navy, including information about work close to
equipment emitting radiofrequency electromagnetic fields, one-year
infertility, children and sex of the offspring. Among 10,497
respondents, 22% had worked close to high-frequency aerials to a "high"
or "very high" degree. Infertility increased significantly along with
increasing self-reported exposure to radiofrequency electromagnetic
fields. In a logistic regression, odds ratio (OR) for infertility among
those who had worked closer than 10 m from high-frequency aerials to a
"very high" degree relative to those who reported no work near
high-frequency aerials was 1.86 (95% confidence interval (CI):
1.46-2.37), adjusted for age, smoking habits, alcohol consumption and
exposure to organic solvents, welding and lead. Similar adjusted OR for
those exposed to a "high", "some" and "low" degree were 1.93 (95% CI:
1.55-2.40), 1.52 (95% CI: 1.25-1.84), and 1.39 (95% CI: 1.15-1.68),
respectively. In all age groups there were significant linear trends
with higher prevalence of involuntary childlessness with higher
self-reported exposure to radiofrequency fields. However, the degree of
exposure to radiofrequency radiation and the number of children were
not associated. For self-reported exposure both to high-frequency
aerials and communication equipment there were significant linear
trends with lower ratio of boys to girls at birth when the father
reported a higher degree of radiofrequency electromagnetic exposure.
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